On Oct 6, solar observatories recorded a long‑duration M1.4 flare from active region AR4549, launching a faint, full‑halo coronal mass ejection that accelerated at roughly 560 kilometres per second.
NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center analysed the CME’s trajectory and released a G2 geomagnetic storm watch for Oct 9, forecasting that the Earth‑directed plasma will reach the magnetosphere between 11 p.m. ET Thursday and 5 a.m. ET Friday.
The centre clarified that G1 (minor) to G2 (moderate) conditions are likely, which could push the auroral oval farther south than usual. Under a G1 event, only the highest latitudes—Alaska, northern Canada, and the upper‑midwest—would see lights; a G2 burst might illuminate Oregon, Illinois, New York, and beyond, provided clear skies.
Auroras form when charged particles from the Sun collide with atmospheric gases, releasing energy that glows green, red, or purple. The intensity depends on storm strength, particle flux, and atmospheric composition; stronger displays are rarer and often include vivid reds or pinks.
Observers aiming to catch the show should leave city lights, find a northern horizon view, and keep the sky dark. Smartphone night‑mode cameras can sometimes record faint auroras, but a tripod and steady surface improve exposure.
NOAA will continue to refine the CME arrival window as new solar‑wind data arrive. Skywatchers should monitor the real‑time aurora forecast on the agency’s website and local weather feeds for the final opportunity to witness the lights.