Neem Tree Mortality Rises in Andhra Pradesh; Scientists Confirm Fungal and Insect Attack

Neem trees across Andhra Pradesh are experiencing elevated mortality rates, with scientists from Dr. Y.S.R. Horticulture University (Dr.YSRHU) in Venkataramannagudem confirming that the deaths are linked to 'dieback' disease caused by the fungus *Phomopsis azadirachtae* and infestation by the Tea Mosquito Bug. The university has deployed five research teams to investigate and manage the outbreak following widespread reports from farmers and residents.

Affected trees show yellowing and browning of leaves, drying of twigs and flowers, and progressive withering, even among decade-old specimens. The insects feed on tender growth, spreading infection through the canopy, ultimately leading to tree death. Residents in Krishna and East Godavari districts reported losing neem trees in household compounds and farmland with no prior understanding of the cause.

Dr. Dhanumjaya Rao, Vice-Chancellor of Dr.YSRHU, stated that early-stage infected trees can be saved by pruning affected branches 10–15 cm below damaged areas and immediately burning the cut material. Fungicide (Carbendazim at one gram per litre) and insecticide (Profenophos at 2ml per litre) must be sprayed on the entire canopy, followed by application of organic manure and neem cake to boost tree resilience.

The university has held virtual coordination meetings with researchers and extension officers to standardize response protocols. Officials have urged the public, along with Gram Panchayat staff and urban local bodies, to report cases of tree drying to nearby horticulture institutions or Krishi Vigyan Kendras for prompt intervention.