A farmer in Karakurussi village, Palakkad district, Kerala, discovered multiple specimens of Sclerotium stipitatum while digging for cultivation, prompting scientific interest in the rare subterranean fungus known locally as 'Nilamanga' or 'Earth Mango'. Researchers from regional biodiversity institutions confirmed the identification, noting that around 20 fungal structures were recovered from termite-rich soil.

Sclerotium stipitatum does not emerge above ground like typical mushrooms and is typically found only during monsoon and post-monsoon periods in moist, subterranean environments. Local residents recognized the organism by traditional names such as 'Nilamanga' and 'chithalkizhangu', and have used it in folk remedies for ailments including cough, stomach discomfort, and jaundice, though no scientific validation of these uses has been established.

Scientists say the fungus appears to thrive in areas with high termite activity, suggesting a possible ecological link that requires further study. The discovery underscores concerns that many fungal species in India remain undocumented and could be at risk due to habitat loss, chemical agriculture, and environmental change.

Researchers plan to conduct genetic and biochemical analysis of the specimens, while also surveying nearby areas for additional occurrences. The Kerala Forest Research Institute has flagged the site for ecological monitoring ahead of the next monsoon season.